Air-Leak Localization in Pressurized Space Structures

Micrometeoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) are the leading cause of damage to space structures, such as the International Space Station (ISS). These tiny particles, with a diameter of less than 25-125 mm and traveling at hypervelocity from 7 to 10 km/s, can cause severe damage and start an air leak (Fig. 1). Fast and accurate localization of air leaks is critical for space exploration. This article outlines the process of basic and applied research that led to solving the leak localization problem. The developed prototype was flight certified and tested onboard the ISS.