894.6nm VCSEL for Cs-Based Atomic Clocks with triangular holey structure

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with 894.6nm as the ideal light source for cesium (Cs) atomic clock is analyzed. The VCSEL with central wavelength of 894.6nm is designed and fabricated for Cs atomic clock using the control mode of two-dimensional triangular-hole structure oxidation type VCSEL. The output power is 0.86mw, with the single mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of more than 20dB and the threshold current of 1mA. The observation of laser spectrum and far-field pattern shows that the single-mode VCSEL can be used in atomic clock successfully.