Antenna Selection and Designing for THz Applications: Suitability and Performance Evaluation: A Survey

Imperceptible latency, uninterrupted communication, and the availability of inexhaustible bandwidth are conceptualized as essential milestones to revolutionize the modes by which societies generated, circulate, receive, and perceive information. The exponential increase in wireless data traffic has raised concerns to investigate suitable bands in the radio spectrum to satisfy the intensifying user's data rate requirements. Overall the wireless infrastructure needs development and exploitation to synchronize with the massive capacity and connectivity demands. The Terahertz (THz) frequency band (0.1-10 THz) is considered as a pivotal solution to fulfill the needs of applications and devices requiring the high speed transmission, and have received noticeable attention from the research community. Technologies in this spectrum are facing rapid development and hold high potentials in applications like ultra-fast short-range wireless communications, remote sensing, biological detection, and basic material research. The antenna is one of the critical components to support the THz systems and require a considerable attention in terms of precision. Compact high-gain antennas are desirable for low latency and high data rate THz wireless communication systems, specifically for applications having space limitation, for example, in the high speed interlink inside the high density wireless communication base station (BS). Nevertheless, there still exist many challenges, while designing the antenna for THz communications requiring innovative solutions. This paper serves an introductory guideline to address the challenges and opportunities, while designing a THz enabled antenna.