Downlink Coverage Analysis of 3-D Ultra Dense Networks with Realistic Propagation Conditions

In this work, the analytical performance evaluation of 3-dimensional dense small cell wireless network is presented using spatial Poisson point processes. As against existing literature which considers simplified channel models without differentiating in LOS/NLOS conditions, this work captures the holistic effect of the realistic propagation (in terms of both path loss and small scale fading) as reported in existing standards. For such practical system model, a numerically simple upper bound of downlink coverage probability has been derived as a function of AP and UE densities which is found to be tight in nature for the whole range of system parameters and thus can be used as a close approximation of the same.