Surface Latent Heat Flux Anomaly: A thermal precursory effect of large Earthquake

Earthquake is very vast, complicated, anisotropic process and its required multi-parametric approaches. It is very difficult task to predict precisely future earthquakes time, location and magnitude accurately from the observed precursory phenomena. The process related to earthquake and per-earthquake can create a significant level of thermal, mechanical and electrical perturbation in atmospheric and ionospheric layers through the so-called Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling (LAIC. Thus any physical or chemical changes which are caused directly or indirectly from such a coupling can be used as a precursory tool to study seismic hazards. According to LAIC theory perseismic process stars few days prior to main shock of earthquake. There is radioactive ionization due to Rn-222 which emits from earthquake preparation zone. The so-called "Atmospheric plasma" is created due to this Radon emission from the cracks and faults near the preparation zone. Atmospheric plasma consists of electrons, molecular and complex ions, there are also aerosol particles which may be charged or neutral, cloud drops and precipitation drops, ice crystals and other impurities which actually distorting the classical structure of plasma. Atmospheric plasma forms long living ion complexes near ground layer of the atmosphere. The primary stage is the formation of near ground plasma in the form of long living ion clusters. This ion clusters are formed due to the ion-molecular reactions (after ionization by radon with water molecule in the near ground layer of the atmosphere. Ion attachment with the water molecule is an exo-thermic process and it left a huge impact in the normal trend of the air temperature. Attachment of water molecules to the newly formed ions also increase the latent heat. This enhancement of Latent heat is detected through various remote sensing tools like satellite as well as in many ground based instruments which measures surface air temperature, surface latent heat net flux, relative humidity and other atmospheric parameters. So for the investigation of the precursory phenomenon of the earthquake we chose satellite data of Atmospheric parameter namely Surface Latent Heat Flux. The possible relationship between the anomalous behavior of surface latent heat net flux during and prior to seismic events which occurred in Nepal on 25th April and 12th May, 2015 and in Kumamoto, Japan on 16th April, 2016 is studied here.