Snow Density Retrieval Using Hybrid Polarimetric RISAT-1 Datasets

Retrieval of snow density using hybrid polarimetric RISAT-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data is implemented in this study. The C-band datasets were acquired in the fine resolution stripmap mode-1 (FRS-1) in which microwaves EM are transmitted in the right circular polarization from the sensor and are received in linear (horizontal or vertical) polarizations resulting in hybrid polarizations-RH and RV. The datasets were acquired for the date of February 23, 2014 covering the Dhundi region in Manali district of Himachal Pradesh. In this season, the area experiences regular snowfall, hence the whole area was covered with the dry snow layer. Hybrid decomposition technique along with the integral equation model (IEM) is utilized for snow density extraction of the snowpack in the study area. The modeled and theoretical approaches are used to retrieve the dielectric constant of the snowpack. Fresnel coefficients, utilized in the IEM modeling approach, are the function of snowpack dielectric constant and the local incidence angle of the incident wave from the sensor. The retrieved snow density map is generated for the area. The validation of the retrieved results is done using ground data collected during the period.