Study on the Differentiation Characteristics and Influence of Retail Commercial Space around Urban Rail Transit Stations

Taking 23 stations operated in Changsha Metro Line 2 as the object, divide retail business space types in the rail transit stations, which is based upon four factors' characteristic index extraction and calculation including station construction, spacial distance, land development and market competition. Then, information entropy, balance degree and the nearest-neighbor distance model are applied to make a quantitative analysis on the structural features and agglomeration degree of different retail business types, and to explore into the mechanism of rail transit influencing retail business structure around. As shown in the results: 1. The business space distributed in Changsha Metro Line 2 stations can be classified into city-centered, regional key, transportation hub and city functional; 2. Different types of station business spaces have significant differences in balanced business development and agglomeration degree; 3. Impact of the construction and development of rail transit on the retail business space is mainly reflected on four aspects: consolidating the dominant position of retail business of urban center station, strengthening business agglomeration and professional degree of regional key station, impeding multiple businesses and compound development of retail business space at transportation hub station, and enhancing the retail business space scale of urban function station; 4. Division of business space type and its internal characteristics, consumer behavior and public policy adjustment are the external factors affecting the retail business space of the station.