Estimation of State-of-Charge for Dynamic Management of Battery Energy Storage Systems for High Renewable Penetration

In this article, the problem of simultaneous integration of renewable generation and energy storage systems is framed as a two-level optimization framework in which the siting-sizing and coordinated management of SPVs and BESSs play the role of the leader and the follower respectively in distribution networks (DNs). The first-level of framework is designed to determine optimal sites and sizes of SPVs and BESSs simultaneously to minimize the annual energy loss and load deviation while optimally utilizing the deployed BESSs. The dynamic BESS management (DBM) model is developed in the second-level of framework aiming to minimize multiple objectives such as power loss, node voltage deviation and reverse power flow into the main grid. In the proposed DBM, some new strategies are suggested for optimal dispatch of BESSs. The application results show that the proposed DBM mitigates the intermittency and other related issues of high SPV penetration positively in DNs.