Design of a miniature and reconfigurable antenna system for spatial modulation and ambient backscattering

In this paper, a patch antenna is designed for spatial modulation and ambient backscattering application at 3.5GHz. Its goal is to pave the way for numerical communications towards 5G and IoT (Internet of Things). For those it is essential to design new antennas, that are compact, energy saving and radiation efficient. The Characteristic Modes Analysis (CMA) is an interesting method for understanding an antenna properties, and so being able to design antennas as compact as possible and keeping a good efficiency.