Planar Er waveguide amplifier with 8-mW threshold

Summary form only given. In previous papers, we reported on waveguide amplifiers fabricated from Er/sup 3/+)-doped sodalime glass films on oxidized silicon wafers. In this work we report on waveguide amplifiers with a lower Er concentration and fabricated via an improved processing technique, which allows the lowest threshold of any waveguide amplifier reported to date.