Distribution Network Optimization through Siting and Sizing of BESS

Modern distribution network with trends of growing penetration of renewable energy systems involve uncertainty and variability. This results in the use of battery energy storage technologies to mitigate the uncertainty and variability associated along the renewable energy resources and enhance network performance. This paper presents the optimal siting and sizing of battery energy storage systems (BESS) in an electrical network. The objective is to reduce total network power losses and provide voltage support to the network. Multiple optimization techniques are applied to reduce the time taken to obtain the proper site and size of battery energy storage systems. The optimal siting and sizing are necessary to avoid huge investments in power systems. Optimization Techniques such as particle swarm optimization (PSO), reducing variable trend search (RVTS) and differential evolution (DE) are discussed briefly. In the first stage, we apply the proposed optimization techniques for obtaining the optimal sizing and siting of BESS. Then in second stage, we connect BESS according to the solution obtained from the first stage and load flow analysis is done using MATLAB. The IEEE 33 bus radial distribution system is implemented and results of siting and sizing along with reduced losses and voltage support across each bus using various optimization techniques are compared.