Communication Handover for Multi-Dimensional UAVs in ROI using MIMO-Ultrawideband

A four-dimensional (4D) guidance and communication handover between unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) using multiple-input-multiple-output ultrawideband (MIMO-UWB) network system in a region of interest (ROI) is proposed. The 4D trajectory planning and guidance imply setting up flyable trajectories for the two fixed-wing UAVs in terms of space and time to achieve a successful handover. The guidance process consists of minimizing the cross-track and along-track error vectors to track the 4D trajectory. After a disaster occurs in manufacturing industries, most of the communicating infrastructures are either inoperative or destroyed. UAVs are thus used to resolve the problem, but their flying time is limited. The limitation of the flight time can be solved by replacing the low energy UAV with another fully charged one, however, the handover between them is constrained. To deal with these problems, a successful handover modeling for UAVs is achieved and simulation results for the 4D trajectory planning and guidance are demonstrated.