Multi-Grid Simulation of Pedestrian Evacuation in a Room

This study presents a multi-grid simulation of pedestrian evacuation in a room. Pedestrian movement is determined by static floor field and biased random rules. This model is tested in three scenarios, a single-exit room, a double-exit room and a classroom with obstacles inside. Arching phenomenon is reproduced both in a normal-exit room and in a large-exit room. Evacuation time decreases nonlinearly when exit width increases. When the density in the room is large, the evacuation time is largest when the two exits are in the middle or in the two sides of the up wall. Moreover, evacuation simulation result in a classroom is comparable with the experimental result. It is hoped that this study can help better understand pedestrian evacuation dynamics.