Interdigital sensing system for detection of levels of creatinine from the samples

Creatinine is a biological waste that is diffused in the blood and filtered by the kidneys to reduce blood waste content-oriented toxicity for maintaining homeostasis in the living body. In the current research, we have developed a sensing system for early detection of side effects of brain cancer chemotherapy on human kidneys by monitoring the rise in creatinine levels. High creatinine levels can lead to permanent incurable conditions such as acute kidney damage or acute kidney failure. The proposed research is related to the real-time detection of creatinine in an aqueous medium. The sensing system is able to determine concentrations within the range of 0.1 - 50 ppm. The sensitivity % curve presented aids in finding an unknown sample concentration from resistance values at a frequency of 100 Hz using the electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. The results highlight the future possibility of modifying this system for early levels of creatinine rise for preventing life-threatening conditions and providing indications to doctors in the form of parts per million (ppm) unit results where they can change the chemotherapy medicines or reduce the total drug regiments.