Deployment and Coverage in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Perspective

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is emerging field in research, due to its applications almost in every field. Mostly WSN are used to sense a specific area or region which is used to monitor the chemical and biological changes within a region. The main component of a Wireless Sensor Network is a sensor node, which collects information and transmits it to the receiving station for further processing. Further, how to deploy these sensors in a network so that it will cover maximum area is very important. For efficient deployment in a network different strategies are used for node deployment. After deployment of nodes the question is whether they collect all the information in that region, it depends upon the coverage or how well a node senses a given region. In this paper, a brief description of deployment and coverage in WSN is presented. The various optimization algorithms used in deployment of WSN is also described. A comparison of various deployment methods based on their performance and area in which they are deployed is illustrated. Further, the various coverage methods are also compared on the basis of their efficiency and connectivity.