Agent based modeling of the process for initiation of Germinal Centers

The biological immune system is the progressive Complex Adaptive Systems (CASs) that consists of inhomogeneous and adaptive agents. It is an important defense mechanism in the human beings that generates an intricate cellular response against the foreign disturbances. It also exhibits prominent properties such as emergence and self-organization. Bone marrow, thymus are primary and spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, the adenoids, and MALT (Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) are secondary lymphoid organs that work with the immune system. After immunization or infection, due to intricate cellular dynamics Germinal Centers (GCs) are formed in the lymph nodes. There is an immediate need to understand intricate cellular dynamics during the process of initiation and formation of mature GC. There is an immediate need of immune system modeling to understand its intricate inbuilt mechanisms in the GC. Various mathematical and computational simulation approaches have been proposed for the modeling of the intricate dynamics of the complex biological immune system. There are two kinds of modeling techniques that are used to simulate the immune system: equation-based modeling and agent-based modeling. Due to some drawbacks of the equation-based simulation, agent-based modeling technique is used. In this paper, we proposed an agent-based model of the process of initiation GC. This model helps researchers to understand the structure of the immune cells emergence during the GC formation and verify the hypotheses. This model can be easily employed as an educational tool in academics and a research tool in scientific disciplines for developing medicines that can keep a disease under control.