Investigation of Sucrose in PAM Hydrogel- Sucrose solution using Photonic Crystal structure

Using honeycomb photonic crystal waveguide, sucrose concentration in aqueous PAM hydrogel-sucrose solution estimation is realized in this paper. Here, 2-dimensional honeycomb photonic crystal structure is realized by a honeycomb lattice with three different types of the semiconductor as background material such as AlGaAs, InP, GaInP to investigate the sucrose concentration. Though similar types of works are found in the literature to envisage photonic sensor by 2-D square lattice crystal structure, the present work manipulates with 2-D honeycomb crystal structure. The principle behind the work is the variation of PBG (photonic band gap) in accordance with the sucrose concentration. In the whole process, the losses like absorption and reflection losses are considered to figure out the equivalent voltage at the output of the crystal structure. To get the variation of PBG, plane wave expansion (PWE) simulation method is adopted and the result reveals that the output emerging from the photonic structure increases almost linearly with the concentration of sucrose. This work is also proposed as an experimental setup with the help of an Arduino UNO development board with the associated circuit to get the result on an LCD.