Glucose Control In Diabetic Patients Considering Daily Real Life Factors

Diabetes Mellitus (DM), is recognized as one of the most critical health challenges of the 21
^st
century. It can affect almost every part of the body and leads to health problems and complications such as heart, kidney, eye, dental, and nerve disease. Therefore, it is needed to manage blood glucose levels by insulin injection that can be done either by syringe injection or insulin pump. The insulin pump is the most recent method of insulin injection, which transfers certain amounts of insulin to the body in regular and certain time distances.In this paper, the goal is to control one of the most complete models of glucose-insulin metabolism in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) patients. This nonlinear and time-varying model considers the T1D patients body in real daily life. Important factors such as meals, snacks, physical activity and exercise, fatigue, stress, and insulin sensitivity (SI) drift are modeled. While most articles treat meals and exercise as disturbances, in this paper, these factors are included in the considered mathematical model.The feedback linearization technique is exploited to design a suitable nonlinear controller by considering the uncertainties and time-varying functions. The performance of the proposed controller is verified through simulation tests. It is clear from the simulation results that the controller is successful in keeping the blood sugar level at the desired level.