Multihop D2D Communication to Minimize and Balance SAR in 5G

To cope with the exponential growth in wireless traffic to be induced by the advancement of 5G and IoT technologies, higher frequency bands will be in use to achieve high performance. But this will enhance the associated electromagnetic field (EMF) around us and may have harmful effects on all living creatures and the environment, unless necesSARy precautionary measures are followed to limit it. In this paper, we propose an elegant method of band selection with appropriate data rate for multi-hop packet routing, to minimize and also to balance the transmission power and hence the associated EMF effect on us in terms of the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). Theoretical analysis has been presented for linear networks that results an upper bound on the number of hops permitted for a given spectrum band. Simulation results on random networks show that the proposed technique achieves a 30 - 70% improvement in terms of SAR, compared to the conventional direct communication via base station.