Frequency Converters Nonlinear Modeling Using X Parameter

In order to characterize RF Frequency converters block or system, nonlinear model is necessary for simulating such as intermediation, harmonic distortion, AM-AM conversion and so on. This paper models upconverters and mixers by using X parameter and verified the model using traditional method and get a good agreement. X-parameter-based behavior device models can well character output frequency spectrum and power compression as well as port nonlinear impedance. What's more, this model is a block box model so it can provide complete IP protection which needn't know it internal structure. These models based on X-parameter can be used in RF system simulation and estimation no matter how the circuits realized.