Strategies for Congestion Control in Wireless Sensor Networks : A Survey

In recent years, wireless sensor networks have attracted the attention of researchers and network users. The main sensor nodes are battery-powered, which makes energy conservation a major factor in this area. Wireless sensor networks require reliability and timeliness for a successful detection of various events. To demand WSN networks, congestion is a problem and must be a bigger problem with a larger system that is capable for processing audio, video and has several base stations. Overloading base stations is a serious problem, even for simple base stations, when traffic enters base stations. This solution uses back-pressure, which reduces the rate of transmission of source nodes, eliminates less important messages, and uses planning to avoid as many collisions as possible, further complicating congestion. Too much of overloading will cause packet loss, which, in turn, will lose power and shorten the life of the node. Flow is a very important problem. This does not only affect the reliability of transportation, but also useful energy resources. We present several congestion control algorithms that aim to minimize congestion in wireless sensor networks.