Study of Issues and Challenges of Different Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Network

In present era of technology, the wireless communication has made it possible to use various applications widely. This is mainly due to the evolution and expansion of the boundaries of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) contains small nodes with power of sensing, computations, and wireless communications abilities. There are different issues and challenges in the WSN such as the energy efficiency, placement of sensor node, storage capacity, and operational complexity and so on. The main focus, however, has been given to the communication between sensor nodes and cluster heads which might differ depending on the application and network architecture and design. The responsibility of cluster head is to coordinate the process of information within the cluster and transmission of information between cluster nodes. The idea behind clustering has been used to reduce energy consumption and extend the life time of the network. In this paper we have discussed various routing mechanism and shows their results as a concluding remarks with comparison.