Experimental Verification of Vehicle-to-Grid Charger for Demand Response Service

This paper introduces a Vehicle-to-Grid charger and a Vehicle-to-Grid energy management algorithm for the power grid demand response application. The Vehicle-to-Grid charger is designed to allow bidirectional power flow according to power demand. This charger is capable of adjusting the amount of power absorbed from and supplied to the grid, while prioritizing the battery health and safety. Moreover, the proposed charger is utilized in the Vehicle-to-Grid energy management algorithm to integrate electric vehicles to achieve demand response objectives. The Vehicle-to-Grid energy management algorithm controls the power flow of each grid-connected electric vehicle to achieve peak load shaving and load leveling services, while ensuring the electric vehicle users' benefits by preventing over charging, over discharging and over battery depletion. A laboratory experiment was conducted to examine the feasibility of the Vehicle-to-Grid system. The experimental results showed that the Vehicle-to-Grid charger has accurately followed the dual directional power demand instructed by the energy management algorithm to realize the demand response services.