An FSS-Backed Reflection/Transmission Reconfigurable Array Antenna

Reflectarray and transmitarray antennas have been widely used in radar detection systems and satellite communications. Simultaneous realization of reflection and transmission of electromagnetic waves under the same antenna aperture will undoubtedly save more space and cost, which is beneficial to their broader applications. In this paper, an antenna element based on active frequency selective surface (FSS) is proposed, which can realize band-pass and band-stop conversion by controlling the bias of the loaded PIN diode. Then, a reconfigurable antenna array including 9 × 9 elements and fed through a horn antenna is designed and demonstrated. Simulation and measurement results show that the designed antenna can realize the conversion of reflection and transmission at the frequency of 11 GHz, and the measured peak gain of reflection and transmission reaches 18.2 dBi and 20.9 dBi, respectively.