Structural-Parametric Modeling of Heterogeneous Systems for Ensuring Their Safety

Process automation systems based on IoT technologies are particularly popular today. Their distinctive feature is heterogeneity-the possibility of interaction of objects of different nature. This contributes to the emergence of various kinds of synergistic effects, which greatly increase the attractiveness of the use of such systems. At the same time, synergistic effects can lead to the strengthening of existing or to the emergence of new threats to security both for humans and for the systems themselves. It should be noted that the system of IoT-objects includes elements and subsystems that ensure its security. In this connection there is a problem of optimization of functioning of the specified elements which can be solved with the use of mathematical modeling methods. In this paper a structural-parametric model of a system of heterogeneous objects in the form of a weighted directed graph is proposed. The vertices of this graph are IoT-objects, the arcs reflect the mutual influence of objects, and their weights show the nature and strength of this influence. The main types of object interactions are described: traditional ones and those taking into account possible synergistic effect in the process of their functioning. A model and a numerical method of expert evaluation of the force of influence are developed. This model allows to identify the most vulnerable elements and subsystems of the IoT system. This ranking of objects can be used to optimize the security of the system.