Design of Energy Storage Friendly Regulation Signals using Empirical Mode Decomposition

This paper presents an energy storage friendly regulation signal design method based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD). Battery energy storage systems (BESS) have a very fast response rate and excellent ramping capability, making them ideal resources for providing fast regulation services. However, the limitation in energy storage capacity prevents the BESS from following non-energy neutral signals for prolonged durations. The existing BESS-friendly regulation signal design uses the filter-based approach, which cannot guarantee the resultant fast changing signals are energy neutral. The EMD-based approach decomposes the raw regulation signal into an energy-neutral, fast-changing component and a slow-changing component. The fast and slow regulation signals obtained using the proposed method are compared with the PJM RegD and RegA signals. Simulation results and cost-benefit analysis demonstrate that both generators and BESSs have achieved better performance in terms of revenue, response rate, and lifetime when responding to the EMD-based regulation signals compared with the filter-based RegA and RegD signals.