Fault-Tolerant Resource Estimation of Quantum Random-Access Memories

Quantum random-access lookup of a string of classical bits is a necessary ingredient in several important quantum algorithms. In some cases, the cost of such quantum random-access memory (qRAM) is the limiting factor in the implementation of the algorithm. In this article, we study the cost of fault-tolerantly implementing a qRAM. We construct and analyze generic families of circuits that function as a qRAM, discuss opportunities for qubit-time tradeoffs, and estimate their resource costs when embedded in a surface code.