Microwave Modeling and Characterization of Superconductive Circuits for Quantum Voltage Standard Applications at 4 K

In this article, we characterize the microwave behavior of superconductive circuits for quantum voltage standard applications at 4 K. For that, we develop a cryogenic multiline thru-reflect-line (TRL) calibration procedure to calibrate the microwave measurements at the 4 K on-wafer reference plane. We model superconductive circuits, including a Josephson array transmission line, compare simulated to TRL-calibrated measured results, and find excellent agreement up to 50 GHz.