Upper-bounds on bit error rate of OCDMA systems using the time spreading/wavelength hopping codes

Up to now various code families for an optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) system have been suggested from one-dimensional (l-D) codes encoded in time-domain to the two-dimensional (2-D) codes with every pulses of a codeword encoded in time and wavelength or time and space domain. The equation to calculate bit error rate (BER) for the system using time spreading/wavelength hopping (TS-WH) 2D codes had until now not been derived. This paper analyzes the TS-WH 2D code system, suggesting the expression for estimating the upper bound of BER which is newly derived here. The system with an optical hard limiter is also analyzed.