Shipboard Secondary Load Frequency Control Based on PPLs and Communication Degradations

With the recent development of power electronic equipment in marine industry, the deployment of pulse power loads in the Shipboard power systems (SPSs) is constantly expanding. During the usage of a pulse power load (PPL), a huge amount of energy is consumed within a short period of time which brings new threats to the reliability and stability of the SPSs. Technically, the negative effects of PPLs to SPSs can be alleviated by powering specialized energy storage systems (ESSs). On the other hand, the challenges of the PPL accommodation on SPSs become more intensified when the systems are coupled with the communication networks. In this paper, an intelligent controller is developed for counteracting the effect of PPLs problem on a Cyber-Physical Shipboard Microgrid (CPSMG). This study presents an optimal general type-2 fractional order fuzzy P + fuzzy I + fuzzy D (GT2FOFP+FI+FD) controller for the secondary load frequency control (LFC) of the CPSMG. In order to boost the output performance of the LFC, an enhanced JAYA algorithm (EJAYA) is utilized for the online setting of the GT2FO-FP+FI+FD controller coefficients. Finally, a real-time CPSMG hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) is adopted to investigate the applicability of the suggested scheme in dealing with the impacts of PPLs and communication degradations from a systemic perspective.