MPOCs’ Learner Interaction (MPOCsLI): An Instrument Design and Construct Validation Study

In online learning, especially in MPOCs, interaction is considered an important factor that influences learning outcomes and learner achievement. However, few researchers have attempted to derive a valid and reliable scale of learner interaction in MPOCs; thus measuring learner interaction continues to be challenging. In this study, the MPOCsLI scale was constructed and validated using Exploratory Factor Analysis. Three distinct and reliable dimensions of learner interaction in MPOCs emerged: Learner-Instructor, Learner-Learner, and Learner-Content. Evidence of the convergent and discriminant validity was reported.