Closed-Loop Data-Driven Estimation on Passivity Property

In this paper, the estimation of passivity based on data is considered. In recent works, a sampling scheme to estimate the passivity level of unknown systems from iterative open-loop experiments was introduced. However, there are many cases where it is useful to estimate the passivity level of a sub-system in closed-loop systems; therefore, we extend this method to estimate the passivity level from closed-loop experiments.