Fractional-order modeling of impedance measurements in a blood-resembling experimental setup

In this paper we analyze the opportunity to provide a methodology and signal processing algorithm to model and quantify drug concentrations in blood. The properties of blood as a non-Newtonian fluid are used to develop a physiologically based model using fractional calculus tools, which provide natural solutions to derivatives which no longer limit their order to integer numbers. In vitro tests support our mathematical model development. A prospective use for continuous monitoring of drug concentration profiles during anesthesia or other interventions is proposed. The proposed solution is based on fractional order impedance models.