CFD Simulation of Water-Based Hybrid Nanofluid Inside a Porous Enclosure Employing Lorentz Forces

This research paper deals with the study of hybrid nanofluid flow with free convection in a permeable media using CVFEM. Hybrid nanoparticle (Fe
₃
O
₄
+ MWCNT) with base fluid H
₂
O has been assumed. The magnetic effect is applied on hybrid nanofluid. In addition, the Non-Darcy model is used and the source term of radiation influence has designated for innumerable forms of nanofluids. Flow design was described for wide range of examined parameters. It proved that augmenting the porousness factor can increase the Nusselt number, but converse performance is conveyed for Lorentz forces. The convective nanomaterials flow intensity enhances with increase of penetrability and stronger thermal effect. Augmented magnetic field produces feebler convective flow and inferior temperature gradient. As temperature of heat source reduces with rise of Hartmann number, Nuave decreases and greater exergy loss occurs.