Measurement of PM2.5 Mass Concentration Using an Electrostatic Particle Concentrator-Based Quartz Crystal Microbalance

Particulate matter (PM) is one of the most critical air pollutants, and various instruments have been developed to measure PM mass concentration. Of these, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) based instruments have received much attention. However, these instruments are subject to significant drawbacks: particle bounce due to poor adhesion, need for frequent cleanings of the crystal electrode, and non-uniform distribution of collected particles. In this study, we present an electrostatic particle concentrator (EPC)-based QCM (qEPC) instrument capable of measuring the mass concentration of PM
_2.5
(PM smaller than 2.5 μm), while avoiding the drawbacks. Experimental measurements showed high collection efficiencies (~99% at 1.2 liters/min), highly uniform particle distributions for long sampling periods (up to 120 min at 50 μg/m
³
), and high mass concentration sensitivity [0.068(Hz/min)/(μg/m
³
)]. The enhanced uniformity of particle deposition profiles and mass concentration sensitivity were made possible by the unique flow and electrical design of the qEPC instrument.