Towards Prosumer Flexibility Markets: A Photovoltaic and Battery Storage Model

Increasing integration of renewables can cause congestion and power grid instability. Recent congestion management studies have shown the possibilities to offer flexibility with distributed energy resources (DERs) and the need for flexibility market platforms. This paper presents a flexibility model for a combination of photovoltaics and battery storage system. This model takes different forecast data as inputs and performs an optimization to obtain a cost optimal operational plan. Any deviation that a DER could offer from this optimal plan is considered as its flexibility potential. The model outputs a list of flexibility offers. In addition, this paper details the different possibilities of offering positive and negative flexibility with a novel offer pricing strategy. The model reoptimizes itself to a new optimal operation plan once a desired flexibility bid is chosen. Two case studies are discussed in this paper to substantiate the successful implementation.