New Insights of Ground-Based Land Surface Temperature Measurements Protocols for Improving Validation of Thermal Infrared Satellite Data

Recent research on the Land Surface Temperature (LST) signal reveals that attention must be paid to reference in-situ measurements used for validating thermal infrared (TIR) data collected from space. Here we focus on the effects of directional anisotropy of LST and atmospheric turbulence-induced temporal fluctuations. Adaptations to ground measurement protocols and new experimental set-ups are suggested to improve the confidence in validation activities.