Implementation of Ziegler-Nichols PID Tuning Method on Stabilizing Temperature of Hot-water Dispenser

The low-cost dispenser has disadvantages such as unable to maintain the water temperature to remain stable. To brew hot drinks such as coffee and tea require a specific range of temperature of 90 - 96 °C. Several previous studies regarding automatic dispensers have discussed the existing problems; only there are still some drawbacks when controlling the temperature stability in the dispenser. Further development is needed to overcome these shortcomings. For that purpose, we proposed a dispenser that can maintain the stability of hot water temperature. This dispenser will make it easier for users to brew coffee and tea with the ideal water temperature and produce a stable temperature that produces a good quality drink. The designed system uses water-resistant temperature sensor. Voltage control is applied to the heating element using the Ziegler-Nichols PID Tuning Method in order to control the temperature stability. Experimental results show that the system can maintain the temperature of hot water in the dispenser to keep it stable with a range from 92.31 °C to 92.62 °C, while the system without controller unable to maintain the stability of hot water temperature because the hot water temperature reaches a maximum temperature of 95.62 °C exceeding the setpoint of 92 °C.