Hybrid Localization techniques in LoRa-based WSN

The emerge of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm in various smart utilizations such as; smart farming and water system monitoring, has been the highlight of this era. Innovative solutions providing better coverage and minimized power consumption by end nodes such as Low Power Wide Area Networks (LP-WAN) has facilitated the advances towards improved IoT connectivity. Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) technology stands out as one leading platform of LP-WANs receiving vast attention from both the industries and the academia. Performance evaluation of LoRaWAN is promising, even in the field of localization of end node devices in outdoor low-density platforms. Considering harsh environmental sensor network, where there is a need to deploy a higher dense WSN (i.e sensor every 10 m
²
) and there is unexpected infrequent random displacement of sensor location due to environmental conditions. The accuracy of LoRaWAN in updating the network with revised sensors' coordinates might be unfulfilled. Given the acoustic range of localization to be around few meters with fine precision, in this work, we propose the use of hybrid ultrasonic and LoRa signals to enhance the localization of a high density outdoor WSN.