Reflection of Critical Thinking on the Sustainable Educational Development: A Case Study of the Middle East and North Africa

The development of education through critical thinking is becoming the ultimate goal in developing countries. However, there are numerous factors and challenges in the implementation and adopting of a unique educational system particularly in the developing countries. Most countries in the Middle East and North Africa have made significant progress toward raising children's school enrollment and completion. However, the quality of education and coherence in content between countries' education systems are still considered as a major issue. To achieve the sustainability of the higher education system, educators must have the knowledge and skills to integrate the critical thinking approach in the development and delivery of the educational curriculum. The purpose of this paper is to simplify the understanding of the importance of critical thinking in the sustainable educational system. Also, this study aims to propose a critical thinking approach that might help to improve the performance and raise the production efficiency of the educational system in Saudi Arabia and Libya. This paper defines both regions in the Middle East and North Africa with cases of Saudi Arabia and Libya, respectively. We focus on determining the educational system needs, its development cycle, and documenting requirements in each country, and we proceed with design synthesis and system validation while considering the complete problem.