Homogenization of Multi-turn Windings in Electrical Machines with Fewer Number of Conductors

AC copper losses are very prominent in high speed electrical machines. Finite element method (FEM) can be used to calculate these losses when modelling each turn of the winding. However, homogenization of windings is generally done to reduce the computational cost of these models. An analytical approach combined with homogenized FEM, is proposed in literature to calculate losses in the frequency domain, considering that each turn is surrounded by a layer of conductors. This paper investigates the accuracy of the approach for lower number of conductors, i.e. when this hypothesis does not hold. For this purpose, results generated by fine and homogenized models are compared.