Augmenting a Patch Antenna with a Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

In this paper, an unconventional design for a 2.4 GHz rectangular patch antenna is explored by implementation a Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO) algorithm. The proposed design utilizes multiple non-driven patches scattered around a central, driven patch in order to improve the bandwidth and gain over an identical design without the non-driven patches. Results show a 16% increase in bandwidth with a concurrent improvement to gain between 18% and 22%. Furthermore, the final design was achieved by using a custom Python script to integrate the HPSO algorithm with the full-wave solver.