Parsimonious Channel Models for Millimeter Wave Railway Communications

We show that the deterministic two-ray model and the statistical two-wave with diffuse power (TWDP) model are suitable channel models for millimeter wave train-to-infrastructure wireless communications. Both models make parsimonious use of model parameters and are therefore implementable with very low complexity. Once directive antennas are employed, such models turn out to be accurate. The wireless channel is mainly dominated by the line-of-sight component and a ground reflection then. These two components lead to an oscillatory interference pattern with instantaneous frequency defined by the geometry. We derive fading envelopes to find a simple parametrization of the TWDP model through the deterministic two-ray model. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated on ray-tracing data.