Operational Optimization of Wind Farm Integrated Battery/Electrolyzer in Electricity Market Considering Fluctuation Penalty

With the liberalization of the electricity market and the rapid development of renewable energy technology, more and more renewable energy power stations such as wind farms participate in the electricity market. These renewable energy power stations are using the entire power systems as their storage which will eventually influence the safe and stable operation of the power grid. In order to address this problem, the electricity market considers the fluctuation penalty which can incentivize investors to take measures on fluctuation reduction. Therefore, this paper proposes two strategies on fluctuation penalty reduction which are: 1) Integrating battery into the wind farm, 2) Integrating electrolyzer into the wind farm. Based on the objective of the income, the optimal operations of the two strategies are presented and investigated on the two typical days. The results reveal that the battery performs better than the electrolyzer on mitigating fluctuation penalty but the electrolyzer can obtain more income than the battery.