Navigation System for the Visually Challenged Using Internet of Things

In daily life, visually challenged peoples face many difficulties in life. As visually impaired find difficult to travel from one place to another. Our main concern is to develop a smart walking stick using ultrasonic sensor which is used as navigational tool that will detect manhole and staircase in an environment. This paper reviews the performance of several methods, techniques and algorithms (GCF, ML) used for manhole, pitfall detection and recognition of staircase and its working efficiency. IOT sensors (UV, Infrared, Temperature) are used to detect the obstacles and provide the alternate way to the visually impaired through GSM and also calculates the shortest distant to the destination for their convenience. The efficiency and performance measure of various algorithms (three class and binary prediction,) for image reorganization is reviewed and accuracy shown.