CoAP and MQTT Based Models to Deliver Software and Security Updates to IoT Devices over the Air

The Internet of Things (IoT) is poised to revolutionize how people, industries, and enterprises connect to customers and individuals. Network Protocols, Technology and Standards such as Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), LTE-M, 5G, LoRaWAN, Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT), Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), Device management such as Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) for Machine to Machine (M2M) are being developed to support a variety of IoT applications and services. IoT ecosystem is creating tremendous business opportunities and opening the doors for innovation. With the explosive growth of connected devices, approximately five quintillion bytes of data is estimated to be generated by the Internet every day. Not all these connections and ecosystems are secure; the security vulnerabilities are steadily increasing in parallel due to the lack of secure updating mechanisms especially for IoT ecosystem. This paper proposes three different models using the CoAP and MQTT application protocol, which aims at providing efficient mechanisms and methods for Over the Air delivery of Software Updates and Security Patches to IoT devices and evaluates which protocol is better suited for proposed models and applications.