An Energy-Efficient Multi-Ring-Based Routing Scheme for WSNs

Data aggregation is an important solution to decrease energy consumption by reducing the transmitting data in the wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Although there have been many energy-efficient data routing algorithms devoted to data gathering, the highly correlation of sensed data in WSNs is not fully considered in many existing studies. A lot of redundant data is still transmitted to the sink, which increases the energy cost in the WSNs. In this paper, a novel scheme named Energy-efficient Routing Scheme based on Multi-Ring (ERSMR) is proposed to minimize the energy consumption. The core idea of the scheme is to aggregate data packets of nodes in the peripheral area as far as possible to achieve fully utilization of node energy far from the sink. The proposed scheme can not only minimize the size of receiving and sending data packets in hotspots, but also reduce the maximum energy consumption of nodes for prolonging the network lifetime. Furthermore, it could balance energy consumption in the network and increase energy efficiency of the nodes by exploiting the remaining energy of peripheral nodes. The correctness of the proposed scheme is proved by theory analysis. Simulations are implemented to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed scheme. The simulation results show that it could improve the network lifetime and the energy efficiency. Compared with the Data Aggregation scheme Centralized Sink (DACS), the lifetime can be increased by as much as 190%. The energy utilization efficiency can be increased by as much as 200%. In addition, the optimal transmission radius to maximize the network lifetime is described.