Miniature flextensional acoustic transducers for long range location tracking

This paper reports a miniature acoustic transmitter using a flextensional transducer for long-range location tracking applications. Coin-size flextensional transducer with a resonance frequency of 18.3 kHz in water is fabricated, and it shows a TVR of 135 dB ref. 1 μPa. A battery operated small size driving board is designed to boost the transducer. Combined with a tube type receiver with a similar resonance frequency, we get a clear signal from the transmitter at a distance of 165 m.