Steady-State Interval Detection and Nonlinear Modeling for Automatic Generation Control Systems

Automatic generation control systems are designed to adjust electric power outputs of multiple generators simultaneously in accordance with the current load. However, the control instruction and the main steam pressure have significant impacts on the resulting active power generation of a conventional thermal generator, and the impacts may be associated with nonlinear characteristics. As a result, the control instruction requires an accurate modeling of the relationship between these three variables for a satisfactory control performance. This paper proposes a method to build a piecewise linear model for the nonlinear relationship from steady-state data hidden in historical data samples. The proposed method is composed by two main steps of steady-state interval detection and steady-state data segmentation. Historical data samples are grouped using the k-means clustering algorithm, and the time domains of each cluster are merged in a specific way to obtain the steady-state intervals. The steady-state data are taken as the samples means of data in the steady-state intervals. A bottom-up algorithm is utilized to partition the steady-state data into numbers of sets iteratively, and the parameters of the piecewise linear model for each data set are estimated by the least squares algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated via industrial applications to two thermal power generation units.