Verification of Lens Antenna Shaping Based on Refraction Angles

A dielectric lens antenna becomes a promising candidate for 5G mobile system in the range of millimeter wave frequency band because of the simplicity of the structure and ease of installation. Special radiation pattern such as low sidelobe, high gain and multibeam are expected to achieve many radiation patterns. This paper describes the verification of lens shaping based on refraction angles at lens surfaces. The lens surface shaping program was developed using a MATLAB software. The ratio of sinusoidal function of incident angle and the refracted angle should be equal to the refractive index. The angular relations are checked for various sample points. At points where lens curvature is sufficient, angle relations agree very well with the refractive index. At point where lens surface becomes flat, incident and refracted angles become small thus rendering the agreement of angle relation and refractive index insufficient. As a whole, surface designing accuracy is verified by comparing the refraction angles for both lens surfaces obtained from MATLAB simulation and angular calculation.